What is the ideal time to apply nitrogen fertilizer to warm-season grasses?

Applying nitrogen fertilizer to warm-season grasses during late spring to early summer is ideal because this timing aligns with the natural growth cycle of these grasses. Warm-season grasses, such as Bermuda and Zoysia, thrive when temperatures rise, usually peaking in late spring to early summer. This is when they enter their most vigorous growth phase.

At this time, the soils are warm enough to promote root activity, and the grass can effectively utilize the nutrients provided by the fertilizer. This application window supports healthy growth, enhances the turf’s density, and improves its color and overall health, preparing the grass for the hotter months of summer.

Applying nitrogen too early, such as in early spring, may stimulate growth before the grass is ready to actively use the nutrients, potentially leading to weak growth. Similarly, late summer or fall applications can promote new growth that may not have enough time to harden off before winter, making the grass vulnerable to cold stress and disease.